网页制作Webjx文章简介：Canvas 相当有趣的一项功能就是可以引入图像，它可以用于图片合成或者制作背景等。而目前仅可以在图像中加入文字（标准说明中并没有包含绘制文字的功能）。只要是 Gecko 支持的图像（如 PNG，GIF，JPEG等）都可以引入到 canvas 中，而且其它的 canvas 元素也可以作为图

应用图像 Using images

One of the more fun features of the canvas is the abillity to use images. These can be used to do dynamic photo compositing or used as backdrops of graphs etc. It's currently also the only way to add text to them (The specification does not contain any functions to draw text). External images can be used in any format supported by Gecko (e.g. PNG, GIF or JPEG format). Other canvas elements on the same page can also be used as the source.

Canvas 相当有趣的一项功能就是可以引入图像，它可以用于图片合成或者制作背景等。而目前仅可以在图像中加入文字（标准说明中并没有包含绘制文字的功能）。只要是 Gecko 支持的图像（如 PNG，GIF，JPEG等）都可以引入到 canvas 中，而且其它的 canvas 元素也可以作为图像的来源。

引入图像 Importing images

Importing images is basically a two step process:

引入图像只需要简单的两步：

Let's look at step one first. There are basically four options available:

先来看看第一步，基本上有四种可选方式：

引用页面内的图片 Using images which are on the same page

We can access all images on a page by using either the document.images collection, the document.getElementsByTagName method, or if we know the ID attribute of the image, the document.getElementById method.

我们可以通过 document.images 集合、document.getElementsByTagName 方法又或者 document.getElementById 方法来获取页面内的图片（如果已知图片元素的 ID。

使用其它 canvas 元素 Using other canvas elements

Just as with normal images we access other canvas elements using either the document.getElementsByTagName method or the document.getElementById method. Make sure you've drawn something to the source canvas before using it in your target canvas.

和引用页面内的图片类似地，用 document.getElementsByTagName 或 document.getElementById 方法来获取其它 canvas 元素。但你引入的应该是已经准备好的 canvas。

One of the more practical uses of this would be to use a second canvas element as a thumbnail view of the other larger canvas.

一个常用的应用就是为另一个大的 canvas 做缩略图。

< 由零开始创建图像 Creating an image from scratch

Another option is to create new Image objects in our script. The main disadvantage of this approach is that if we don't want our script to halt in the middle because it needs to wait for an image to load, we need some form of image preloading.

另外，我们可以用脚本创建一个新的 Image 对象，但这种方法的主要缺点是如果不希望脚本因为等待图片装置而暂停，还得需要突破预装载。

Basically to create a new image object we do this:

我们可以通过下面简单的方法来创建图片：

var img = new Image(); // Create new Image object img.src = 'myImage.png'; // Set source path

When this script gets executed, the image starts loading. If loading isn't finished when a drawImage statement gets executed, the script halts until the image is finished loading. If you don't want this to happen, use an onload event handler:

当脚本执行后，图片开始装载。若调用 drawImage 时，图片没装载完，脚本会等待直至装载完毕。如果不希望这样，可以使用 onload 事件：

var img = new Image(); // Create new Image object img.onload = function(){ // execute drawImage statements here } img.src = 'myImage.png'; // Set source path

If you're only using one external image this can be a good approach but once you need to track more than one we need to resort to something more cunning. It's beyond the scope of this tutorial to look at image preloading tactics but you can check out JavaScript Image Preloader for a complete solution.

如果你只用到一张图片的话，这已经够了。但一旦需要不止一张图片，那就需要更加复杂的处理方法，但图片预装载策略超出本教程的范围，感兴趣的话可以参考JavaScript Image Preloader。

通过 data: url 方式嵌入图像 Embedding an image via data: url

Another possible way to include images is via the data: url. Data urls allow you to completely define an image as a Base64 encoded string of characters directly in your code. One advantage of data urls is that the resulting image is available immediately without another round trip to the server. ( Another advantage is that it is then possible to encapsulate in one file all of your CSS, Javascript, HTML, and images, making it more portable to other locations. ) Some disadvantages of this method are that your image is not cached, and for larger images the encoded url can become quite long:

我们还可以通过 data: url 方式来引用图像。Data urls 允许用一串 Base64 编码的字符串的方式来定义一个图片。其优点就是图片内容即时可用，无须再到服务器兜一圈。（还有一个优点是，可以将 CSS，JavaScript，HTML 和 图片全部封装在一起，迁移起来十分方便。）缺点就是图像没法缓存，图片大的话内嵌的 url 数据会相当的长：

var img_src = 'data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhCwALAIAAAAAA3pn/ZiH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAALAAsAAAIUhA+hkcuO4lmNVindo7qyrIXiGBYAOw=='; drawImage

Once we have a reference to our source image object we can use the drawImage method to render it to the canvas. As we we'll see later the drawImage method is overloaded and has three different variants. In its most basic form it looks like this.

一旦获得了源图对象，我们就可以使用 drawImage 方法将它渲染到 canvas 里。drawImage 方法有三种形态，下面是最基础的一种。

drawImage(image, x, y)

Where image is a reference to our image or canvas object. x and y form the coordinate on the target canvas where our image should be placed.

其中 image 是 image 或者 canvas 对象，x 和 y 是其在目标 canvas 里的起始坐标。

drawImage 示例 1